Iran protest deaths and UK rail fare rises

Hello. Here’s your morning briefing:

At least 13 people are thought to have been killed in Iran, after violence broke out during anti-government protests. The demonstrations, which started last week, initially focused on price rises and corruption, but have widened into a more general expression of anger against the country’s rulers.

President Hassan Rouhani has sought to play down the unrest, saying in a statement: “This is nothing. Criticism and protest are an opportunity, not a threat.” But he has also warned “rioters and lawbreakers” that they will face punishment. Up to 400 people are believed to have been arrested in the last few days. Video footage shows the extent of the violence.

Most people have been enjoying a bit of a blow-out over the past couple of weeks, with chocolate, mince pies and other treats on offer. But a report warns that children in England are over-indulging in snacks and sugary drinks all-year-round. Those aged between four and 10 consumed 51.2% of their sugar from unhealthy items including biscuits, cakes, pastries, buns, sweets and fizzy drinks, Public Health England found. It’s hoping to cut this by limiting children to two such items a day – of no more than 100 calories each. So, how much hidden sugar is there in food?

There is evidence that humans are driven by “loss aversion” – that is, we are more motivated to recover loss than we are to win gains. Framing a resolution as recovering something lost – whether that’s an old hobby or a former level of fitness – may be more effective than looking to gain an ability or appearance, for example. This feeds into another key piece of advice when it comes to successful resolutions: they must be realistic.

The New Year rise in rail fares draws scathing comment, with the i calling it a “great train robbery” and the Daily Telegraph reporting that ministers are looking at cracking down on “rip-off” fares. The Sun leads on the advice from Public Health England to limit children to two snacks of no more than 100 calories per day, saying this will deny them the chance to eat a 230-calorie Mars Bar. The Daily Mirror says young people will also have to cut back on crisp consumption.

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